Transcript of Academician Wu Liangyong's lecture (not approved by Academician Wu Liangyong)

Source: recorded by Qiu Chenhui, a reporter of China Youth Daily and a friend of Guizhou Youth League Committee

More than 90% of you present today are new graduate students. This is a new stage in your life, and I sincerely hope that you can also achieve a new level of thinking. I do not speak great truth here today, because there are a lot of articles on the compilation of scientific ethics and the construction of academic style to preach and study materials have already said some truth very thoroughly. Just now Comrade Han Qide made another important speech. As an architectural scholar, I have been teaching at Tsinghua University for 68 years since 1946. I just want to share with you some of the lessons I have learned from my own experience.

First, ideal and aspire to. One cannot live without ideals. Aspire is the power of life forward. What do I want to do with my life? What do you want to accomplish? What are your ambitions and interests? What do you want to major in? This must be considered when entering university, and further consideration is needed when entering graduate school. Aspire to often is not overnight, but with the growth of experience, what you see, hear and think step by step insight, promotion, of course, which inevitably will have a certain contingency. The reason why I choose the career of architecture and pursue it as the direction of my life is closely related to the experience of growing up in my youth. I was born in Nanjing in 1922, at a time when China was plagued by war and suffering at home and abroad. In 1937, Nanjing fell to the enemy, and I went into exile in Chongqing with my brother to continue my high school studies in Hechuan, Sichuan. I remember that on the afternoon of July 27, 1940, when the college entrance examination was over, Hechuan city was hit by an air raid by The Japanese army, and the fire burned until the rain stopped in the morning of the next day. In the night when hechuan city was on fire, and the dogs barked like crying, dai Jinshen and his son, my beloved former chief Chinese teacher of Suzhou Middle School, were also killed. The pain of war inspired me to rebuild my homeland, and I finally decided to study in the Department of Architecture of Chongqing Central University, majoring in architecture, which was a beginning. With their own growth, understanding the development of the country and society, and gradually deepen the understanding of the needs of the development of the construction industry, its study and research will continue to improve.

Second, choice. A person has to go through many crossroads in his life. If he makes a wrong turn, it is difficult to go back to the past. Therefore, the choice of road is very important. There are too many opportunities and changes in life, and even infinite contingency. The development of the country, the changes of the economy and society, and even the small problems in the family will lead to changes, and even change one's fate. Looking back on my own experience, there were several important crossroads: 1948 I recommend by liang sicheng cranbrook art colleges in the United States, after 1950 well, should Mr Liang said in a letter to the call of "ruins of the People's Republic of China", LiCi temptations, resolutely from shang to British occupied Hong Kong, under the military police hostage by way of returning to plunge into ruins in new China's construction and the education career, now that I think about it, If I had stayed in the United States at that time, I would not have cultivated and gained in the construction field in China in the following decades. In 1983, I reached the age of 60, from tsinghua university architecture department administrative positions, when Mr. Founded the principal invited me to go to shenzhen university of architecture, I declined his kindness, persistence and a teaching assistant, in a room, a desk, two benches founded under the conditions of tsinghua university, institute of architecture and city, to have a full 30 years now, In the past 30 years, I have carried out a series of scientific research and practice on human settlements with colleagues of the Institute. If I had gone to Shenzhen then, my work in the later part of my life would have been quite different. In retrospect, THE reason why I did not "turn wrong" is largely related to my "determination" in my early years. I made up my mind to do something in the academic field of architecture and city at an early age. In different periods, I made corresponding choices according to the actual conditions.

Third, persistence. Life on the road can not be plain sailing, meet difficulties is to stick to or retreat? As far as I am concerned, I have encountered difficulties and setbacks in almost every aspect of my study and study when I was a teenager and in my research and practice when I was older. Young people easily have been discouraged by the setback, hope everyone here with Mr Zong bai-hua's word '" not because of difficult and demoralizing, not complacent, "honor, in his writing, it is a famous saying of journal of xu beihong and Chinese painting, to aspire to, want to choose, in choosing the road more should have insisted on not afraid difficulties.

The above is mainly about the importance of good teachers and helpful friends. As for the teacher-student relationship, I have experienced it for many years. Han Yu's "Teacher said" : "Teachers, so the teaching of knowledge to solve doubts also. This is the most basic duty of a teacher. At the same time, he and two sentences are not necessarily cause much attention, is that students can more than the teacher, "the disciple not as teacher, teacher don't have to xian in the disciple", these words are very important for both teachers and students, at the time of first-year students, the teacher can play a larger role, enlightenment, guidance and leading, years later, the learning ability of students development, It is not only the relationship between teachers and students, but also the comrade-in-arms and fellow students in academic career. In my own experience, for example, there is one thing worth mentioning, the international institute of architects in 1999 the 20th world architect congress was held in Beijing, I was appointed as the chairman of the scientific committee, responsible for drafting the document, the task in a hurry to fall on me, when time is pressing, and other tasks, only one of the assistant students geographical origins of PhD students can do to help, The working situation at that time was: I sent him the paper I had written in the evening in the early morning, and he would sort it out in the daytime, and he would send it to me in the evening, and I would work on it late at night, and so on and so forth, and finally the Beijing Declaration was formed. This document was unanimously approved by the Advisory Committee, and it was considered to go beyond a Declaration, so it was designated as the Beijing Charter. This is the only charter adopted by THE INTERNATIONAL Construction Association since its establishment in 1948. It shows that teachers and students can cooperate in major subjects, learn from teaching and learning, become friends of the same front and promote academic development. The doctoral student who assisted me has now become a professor at Tsinghua University and deputy director of the Institute of Architecture and Urban Studies.

Fifth, insight. Looking back on decades of academic life, I deeply realize that innovation of scientific theory is not achieved overnight, but always keep sensitive to new things, constantly pay attention to practical problems and academic development, conduct knowledge accumulation, comparative research, reference and inspiration, and gradually "ferment", and get insight. I have the following insights on my academic path that I can communicate with my classmates.

Insight 1: Architecture is going to science. In the 1940s, I studied in the midst of war, and I first entered the door of architecture, the enlightenment of academic thought. In 1948, he went to the United States to study and was exposed to advanced western academic ideas. He returned to China in 1950 and devoted himself to the urban and rural construction of new China, participating in the planning and design of Chang 'an Avenue, tian 'anmen Square expansion, Chairman MAO Memorial Hall and other major projects. During this period, there were many perplexities due to the changes of system reform, politics and economy. After the End of the Cultural Revolution, I threw myself into the field of architecture again with passion, hoping to break through the fog of confusion and find the direction of architecture. In 1981, he attended the first National Conference of Academicians after the Cultural Revolution, and realized that, on the one hand, the academic responsibility of both shoulders was increased; on the other hand, the major of architecture must develop towards science, otherwise it would be difficult to adapt to the requirements of the situation.

Insight 2: Start from the "broad architecture", from the world of architecture to the world. Through the study of interdisciplinary theoretical knowledge and the investigation of ancient human settlement sites, I realized that architecture should not only refer to the house, but also need to touch on its essence, that is, the settlement to explain that architecture should expand from simple house to people and society, and from simple material structure to social structure. Therefore, "generalized architecture" is proposed. The work was translated into Italian and English this year.

Insight 3: The pursuit of "living environment science", orderly space and livable environment. After "generalized architecture", I'm still from various aspects to continuously explore, hope to get a new understanding, based on the traditional architecture with the expansion of our age and a variety of exploration and study of abroad a variety of urban planning theory, gradually realized that not only constrained by a subject, and research from the Angle of the whole besides, need to pursue a new subject system is not constrained by the past, In 1993, the "science of human settlement environment" was first proposed. The science of human settlement environment discusses how to use space scientifically and realize the coordinated order of space and its organization, namely orderly space. Human beings are always the core of human settlement environment science. People should live and work happily in space. Spatial planning and design at all levels serve people's life, aiming to create a good environment suitable for social life and production, namely livable environment.

Insight 4: The science of human settlements involves many academic fields and should integrate science, humanities and art. The global economic crisis, social turmoil, climate change and other emerging issues have pushed the science of human settlements into a major science, which is very promising. It will move towards great science, great humanities and great art. Science -- research and application of green building, energy conservation and emission reduction technologies; The integration of humanities and social sciences, and the concern for the middle and lower classes of society; Art -- the appreciation of beauty and the creation of art centered on human life. In early September this year, I was held in national art museum of China exhibition titled "residential life_", will my calligraphy, architecture, painting, sketch works such as exhibition, I further discover we live in the past the center of the living environment for people's life of beauty appreciation and art creation, which contains the artistic state and far-reaching, rich and colorful from the natural environment to humane environment, From individual life to the running of the society, everything everywhere again, this is beyond my pursuit from the 40 s of art and architecture, parallel study, a variety of arts on the basis of life, mutual communion, refraction, focusing on residential environment, has a unique insight in a certain category, can be correspondingly in the construction of human settlements is creation and exhibition company, This can be said to be a new field of scientific research of human settlements, in which there is still a broad space for us to explore, excavate. Due to the complexity of architectural design, as an architectural scholar, what I have said above is my understanding based on my academic life experience. It is difficult for me to give a clear explanation of the theme of today's conference in my professional field. All the students here come from different disciplines, but they should pay attention to the changes of academic thinking in various aspects, complement each other in different disciplines and expand their knowledge so as to understand the development and needs of The Times. For example, the mathematician Feng Kang, whom I mentioned above, was involved in a wide range of studies, while the botanist Wu Zhengyi was both concerned with national politics and devoted to academic research. They are models for young people to learn from. For young scholars, I think it is not difficult to understand scientific morality and scientific ethics rationally. The key lies in practicing them. Now all aspects of the social public opinion propaganda are common for science ethics and study style construction, a lot of books, articles, and related, but what painful is, academic misconduct, the phenomenon of academic corruption still happen, these people may not be the scientific moral don't understand, but not actually to fulfil their own mind and actions. Therefore, WHAT I want to emphasize is that you must aim high, practice yourself, and transform the classical philosophy into your own guide to action and general rules of behavior. Only in this way can you slowly internalize your spiritual wealth, deepen your understanding through gradual insight, strengthen your faith, and keep moving forward.

Now, although I have more than ninety, but still firmly in the teachers' post, still require yourself to have a positive mental outlook for the future, with age growing, inevitably there are some things due to reasons such as physical as already can't do it, but still feel the current is facing a big era, the future has unlimited vitality and passion, We should push ourselves to explore the broad academic world as far as we can and build a beautiful homeland and a beautiful China. We are willing to work together with young scholars to encourage each other! Let us strive to realize the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation.